Posted: September 3, 2018
With inadequate stormwater infrastructure, King Tides and sea level rise, many Charleston-area property owners are seeking additional protection. Several flood damage mitigation strategies are available:
Flood Barriers
Perimeter barriers are installed at the boundary of the property, and are intended to prevent water from reaching the building. There are several types of purpose-built flood barriers suitable for historic buildings. For example, many historic properties already have masonry walls surrounding their properties. With guidance from a professional, these walls can be fortified to bear the weight of the water pressure during a flood, and the gates can be made watertight with the installation of temporary flood-proof barriers in the openings. Temporary barriers that have been successful in Charleston can be found here.
The construction of new, appropriately scaled and detailed masonry walls may also be considered for historic properties in flood-prone areas.
Water-filled temporary barriers are also available. However, a professional should be consulted for proper sizing and installation. There is a potential that these temporary barriers could be breached because salt water is denser than fresh water and the barrier may float.
Barrier System Considerations
With any barrier system, there are several important considerations:
Wet Flood Proofing
Wet flood proofing, often less costly than other mitigation measures, allows water to freely enter a building during a flood. Wet flood proofing will reduce the hydrostatic pressure on the foundation walls during a flood event, and therefore will reduce structural damage. This approach is most appropriate if the living spaces of the house are elevated and it is expected that water will pass under the house.
Successful wet flood proofing involves the following:
Dry Flood Proofing
Dry flood proofing prevents floodwater from entering a building. This approach is most applicable in structures that are not elevated above base flood elevation and have finished interiors that may be impacted by flood water. Dry flood proofing is often less costly than other retrofitting measures and does not require the additional land that may be needed for levees and floodwalls. These measures may be fundable under FEMA mitigation grant programs.
Successful Dry Flood Proofing involves the following:
Mechanical Equipment
Mechanical equipment, especially HVAC equipment, should be elevated above the anticipated level of flooding. Ductwork under the house is particularly susceptible to flood damage. Ductwork under the house should be relocated, where possible, or replaced with flood proof ductwork, such as Blue Duct, if possible.
Electrical wires under the house should also be evaluated by an electrician before and after a flooding event. Salt water will corrode exposed wires. Wiring should be elevated out of floodwaters and possibly strung through PVC pipes for further protection.
Install sump pumps in basements or crawlspaces to quickly remove water.
Install and maintain backflow valves to prevent sewage backups.
More information and practical measures may be found on the FEMA website.
Thank you so much. This was very helpful.
So glad to hear it may help you!
Are there any local engineers or architects who can assist with flood barrier design or mitigation
Hi Alex. In response to your earlier post, we’ve included a list below of some potential local resources. We hope everyone who is considering flood barrier design and mitigation will take the impact to your neighbors into consideration. Water should be diverted into storm water drains vs onto your neighbors property, etc.
Applied Building Sciences
Russell Rosen
4SE
Craig Bennett
Bennett Preservation
Caskie Engineering
Glenn Keyes Architects