y looking at maps from different periods, we can see the gradual development of the city. Unfortunately, printed
maps do not share the same spatial characteristics or precision. On one map, the marine environment is accurate, on
another the urban layout is well defined while the surrounding landscape is only approximate. GIS helps us overcome
these problems. After selecting the best maps from throughout the city, we “twisted” them into shape over a modern map.
In doing so, we are now able to see the city's development over time. By outlining the high water mark of each
historic map, we can now look at the changing shape of the peninsula. Everything from the development of the wharves
and docks to landfill projects become clearer.
We can also take features from these maps to compare with other maps. The 1949 Halsey map shows a conglomeration of
historical events and structures: the great fires, the fortifications and historic districts.
Dating and Describing Buildings
By dating a selection of buildings across the peninsula we are able to look at historic trends and link them with
historic events and maps. About 2,400 buildings in all were dated using sources such as Jonathan Poston’s 'The
Buildings of Charleston' and the Charleston County parcel information.
Preservation Management Information
Much of the peninsula is listed as a National Landmark Historic District, a national designation with implications
for tax credits, grants, etc. The second district, known as the Old and Historic District, is a locally drawn
historic district over which the Board of Architectural Review has jurisdiction for demolition requests, alterations
to existing buildings and the development of new construction. The two districts are similar in size but cover
slightly different areas. Other information such as buildings managed under Historic Charleston Foundation covenant
and easement agreements were also included.
A powerful research tool
When we combine the above information, we have a powerful tool to look at different historical aspects of the city.
Most importantly, we can ask questions which the project will help us answer.
What remains of 18th century Charleston? Pull up the 1802 map and combine it with all the dated buildings built before
then.
How destructive was the fire of 1861? Pull up the 1861 fire outline to find its area. If we pull up all the buildings
built before the fire we can get an idea of how many buildings survived. Looking at the surviving buildings around the
fire area we can gain an idea of the effect of the fire on the historic environment today.
The project has limitations. The historic maps don’t fit perfectly and never will. There are disagreements on the
construction dates of buildings and the true extent of the fires. The information here should not be regarded as
perfect, but rather a good indication of the broad development of the city. Further research will help resolve any
issues one might encounter.
We hope that future development of this project will make it both more useful and more interesting to professionals
working here and lay people interested in this wonderful historic city.
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